WITH ALL THE NEGATIVE NEWS AND THE POLARIZATION OF SOCIETY YOU MIGHT SAY MORALITY HAS DECLINED A LOT IN RECENT YEARS.

STAY TUNED FOR IVORY TOWER• AS THE RESEARCH MIGHT SURPRISE YOU.

♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> WELCOME TO IVORY TOWER.

I'M BARBARA FOUGHT, FROM SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY.

JOINING ME ON THE PANEL THIS WEEK ARE -- NINA MOORE, FROM COLGATE UNIVERSITY ANIRBAN ACHARYA, FROM LEMOYNE COLLEGE RICK FENNER, FROM UTICA UNIVERSITY AND TY SEIDULE, FROM HAMILTON COLLEGE.

WELL, WITH EVERYTHING THAT'S GOING ON, YOU MIGHT THINK THE REPUBLICANS AND THE DEMOCRATS CAN'T AGREE ON ANYTHING, BUT BOTH PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATES DONALD TRUMP AND KAMILA HARRIS SAID THIS WEEK - NO TAX ON TIPS.

THAT WOULD MEAN NOT ONLY RESTAURANT WORKERS BUT THOSE AT CAR WASHES, NAIL SALONS AND PARKING GARAGES DON'T HAVE TO PAY TAX ON WHAT YOU TIP THEM.

NINA, IS THIS A GOOD IDEA?

>> WELL, IT SORT OF DEPENDS.

THERE IS THE POSSIBILITY FOR IT TO BE A GOOD IDEA, BUT BOTH OF THOSE CANDIDATES OFFER THIS OFF THE CUFF.

IT WAS JUST SORT OF A SPUR OF THE MOMENT THING.

ONE MIGHT EVEN SAY GIMMICKY.

AND SO AS A RESULT, THERE ARE QUITE A FEW QUESTIONS THAT REMAIN, SUCH AS WHY ONLY TIP SERVICE WORKERS AND NOT OTHER, FOR EXAMPLE, MANUFACTURER WORKERS, JANITORS, OTHER LOW INCOME WORKERS, MILLIONS OF LOW INCOME WORKERS THAT COULD ALSO BENEFIT FROM SOME SORT OF TAX RELIEF.

AND THEN SECONDLY, WHICH TAXES ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?

ARE WE TALKING ABOUT INCOME TAXES, PAYROLL TAXES THAT COVER MEDICARE AND SOCIAL SECURITY?

AND THEN THE MOST IMPORTANT QUESTION, I THINK IS, WHERE ARE WE GOING TO MAKE UP FOR THE LOST REVENUES, WHICH IS ESTIMATED TO BE SOMEWHERE BETWEEN $IS 50 BILLION TO $THE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.

AND GIVEN THE FACT THAT WE ARE FACING HISTORIC DEBT AND ALSO AN ANNUAL DEFICIT THAT SEEMS TO BE NEVER ENDING, THESE ARE KEY QUESTIONS, BUT I THINK THIS WAS POLITICAL.

BECAUSE BOTH OFFERED THESE PROPOSALS IN NEVADA, WHICH HAS THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF TIPPED WORKERS, BUT ALSO IS A SWING STATE.

>> AN ANIRBAN, POLITICAL, GIMMICKY?

>> THERE ARE DIFFERENT OPINIONS ABOUT THIS.

LET ME GET TO THE CRUX OF IT.

I THINK A LABOR SYSTEM, WHERE THE LIVELIHOOD OF SOMEONE DEPENDS UPON THE MAG NAM AT THIS OF A STRANGER IS HORRIBLY REGRESSIVE AND BACKWARDS SO WHEN WE TALK ABOUT A MINIMUM WAGE, WE ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE MINIMUM IS THAT IT ALLOWS YOU A MINIMUM HUMAN DIGNITY.

THESE SERVICE WORKERS AND MANY OF THEM, AND YEAH, WE ARE RIGHT.

WE DON'T TIP BUS DRIVERS OR E.M.T.S.

PEOPLE WHO WORK IN THE BACKGROUND A KITCHEN, THEY DON'T GET THE TIPS.

BUT IF YOU ARE SAYING THAT MINIMUM WAGE IS A HUMAN WAGE, THEN PAYING ANYTHING BELOW THAT, RIGHT, IS SUBHUMAN, RIGHT?

SO MY THING IS THAT WE ARE BARKING THE WRONG TREE.

THE QUESTION IS THE FAIR WAGE AND OTHER SOCIETY GROUPS HAVE WORKED ON INCREASE THE SUBMINIMUM WAGE TO A LIVABLE WAGE.

>> WE SHOULD SAY MANY OF THESE WORKERS DON'T GET A MINIMUM WAGE.

THEY GET SUBMINIMUM WAGE.

>> IN NEW YORK IT'S $SO AN HOUR.

>> YOU ARE SAYING BETTER YET TO RAISE THE MINIMUM WAGE.

>> TO RAISE TO IT $15 AND MAKE IT AS A MINIMUM WAGE.

BUT THERE IS A LOP SIDE TO THAT.

IF YOU DON'T REPORT YOUR TIPS AND YOU HAVE AN INJURY OR SOMETHING, YOUR DISABILITY IS CALCULATED ON YOUR INCOME.

SO IT IS AN INCENTIVE BUILT IN TO ACTUALLY, YOU KNOW, TELL HOW MUCH TIPS YOU GET.

I THINK IT'S A REGRESSIVE SYSTEM.

WE SHOULD GET RID OF IT.

>> NINA SAID THERE MAY BE SOME GOOD REASONS FOR.

THIS I DON'T KNOW OF ANY.

>> NOT YET.

>> THE NEGATIVE SHE MENTIONED, MANY TIP EARNERS ARE VERY LOW INCOME SO THEY DON'T EVEN PAY ANY FEDERAL INCOME TAX AS IT IS, SO THIS PROPOSAL WILL NOT HELP THEM AT ALL.

SECOND, THIS NARROWS THE TAX BASE.

AND SO THE MORE THINGS YOU TAKE OUT OF WHAT IS TAXABLE, THE HIGHER THE TAX RATE HAS TO BE ON WHAT'S LEFT.

AND SO GIVEN THAT WE HAVE A DEFICIT, GIVEN THAT WE HAVE ALL THESE PROBLEMS, THIS IS NOT A WAY TO DEAL WITH THESE ISSUES.

>> WELL, I THINK IT'S GOOD POLICY AND GOOD POLITICS.

I WOULD BE GLAD TO SEE THE DEMOCRATS TRYING TO DO SOMETHING THAT MAKES WORKERS AND LOWER SOCIOECONOMIC FEEL THAT THEY-- FEEL WHAT THEY'RE GOING THROUGH.

I THINK NEVADA SIX ELECTORAL VOTES IS WORTH IT TO TALK ABOUT NO TAX ON TIPS.

THE REPUBLICANS ARE DOING IT.

I DON'T THINK IT IS GOING TO BE SIGN AS A POLICY.

I THINK IT'S A FEELING THAT THE DEMOCRATS HAVE.

AND FOR THAT, GOOD POLITICS IN AN ELECTION YEAR IS IMPORTANT TO THIS IS WORTH SAYING BAD POLICY.

>> I WOULD AGREE WITH YOU, TY.

I THINK THAT IS DEFINITELY POLITICS AND ARGUABLY GOOD POLITICS, AS YOU SAID.

IT COULD BE GOOD POLICY PROVIDED THAT IT IS STRUCTURED IN A WAY THAT TAKES INTO ACCOUNT THE SORTS OF CONCERNS THAT WE ARE TALKING ABOUT.

PERHAPS ANOTHER THAT WE HAVEN'T MENTIONED JUST YET IS THE POSSIBILITY THAT EMPLOYERS DO RECLASSIFY WAGES AS INCOME, WHICH WOULD WORSEN THE PROBLEM THAT ANIRBAN TALKED ABOUT, IN TERMS OF MINIMIZING THE AMOUNT OF NOT ONLY UNEMPLOYMENT RETURNS BUT ALSO SIMPLY RETIREMENT, SOCIAL SECURITY.

>> PLUS THERE ARE MANY TIP EARNERS, THOSE AT HIGH END RESTAURANTS, THAT EARN, YOU KNOW, $100,000 OR MORE A YEAR.

WHY SHOULD THEY NOT HAVE TO PAY TAX ON THEIR INCOME WHEN SOMEONE WHO WORKS IN CHILD DAYCARE OR OTHER LOW INCOME DOESN'T.

AND AGAIN, I AGREE, I THINK THIS IS EASY TO MANIPULATE AND YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE HIGH EARNER PEOPLE TRY TO RECLASSIFY THEIR SALARY AS TIPS.

>> ANIRBAN, WOULDN'T THIS END UP MAKING IT SUCH THAT I, AS A CUSTOMER IS GOING TO PAY MORE BECAUSE THE SMALL BUSINESSES, IF THEY'RE HAVING TO PAY THIS HIGHER MINIMUM WAGE, ARE GOING TO HAVE TO RAISE PRICES?

>> YES AND NO.

I THINK INCREASING IT TO MINIMUM WAGE IS IMPORTANT FOR EQUITY REASONS, RIGHT?

WE KNOW FROM VARIOUS STUDIES THAT TIPPED WORKERS ARE SEXUALLY HARASSED CONSTANTLY.

THEY HAVE TO PROVIDE THEIR-- ASKED TO PROVIDE A CERTAIN KIND OF AFFECTIVE LABOR THAT WE CALL IN MARXIST LABOR, TO SMILE AND BE SO POLITE.

I'M VERY SURPRISED WHEN I EAT IN OTHER PLACES IN THE WORLD OTHER THAN THE U.S., THE WAITERS ARE DEGRADING THEMSELVES IN A CERTAIN WAY WHICH IS ONLY UNDERSTANDABLE IF YOU COME FROM A DIFFERENT CULTURE WHERE PEOPLE DON'T DO THAT.

THEY DON'T ASSAULT YOU OR TELL HORRIBLE THINGS TO YOU.

THEY GIVE YOU YOUR FOOD AND DON'T TELL YOU HOW OFTEN AN AMAZING CHOICE YOU MADE OR HOW GREAT THE CHOICE AND CHANGED HIS LIFE AND HOW HIS GRANDMOTHER LOVES IT.

THEY DON'T DO THAT.

THE AFFECTIVE LABOR AND ALL THAT COMES WITH THE INCENTIVE OF TIPPING AND TIPPING IS THE WORST THING.

IF YOU LOOK AT IT CLOSELY, TIPS ARE ONLY ASSOCIATED WITH LUXURY PRIVATE GOODS.

OTHER THAN LUXURY PRIVATE GOODS, YOU SEE VERY FEW PLACES WHERE TIPPING EXISTS, RIGHT?

IT'S GOING OUT TO DINNER LUXURY.

GOING OUT TO DRINK.

TALKING AN UBER, LUXURY GOOD.

TAKING AWAY FROM TIPPING AND INCREASING THE SUB MINIMUM WAGE IS THE BEST WAY TO GO.

>> LET ME MOVE US TO OUR NEXT TOPIC.

THE SYRACUSE COMMON COUNCIL IS CONSIDERING THIS WEEK WHETHER TO PASS A GOOD-CAUSE-EVICTION-LAW.

IT MEANS JUST WHAT IT SAYS.

A LANDLORD HAS TO HAVE A GOOD CAUSE TO EVICT TENANTS.

AND IT ONLY APPLIES TO LANDLORDS WHO OWN 10 OR MORE UNITS.

RICK, THIS HAPPENS IN ALBANY, ITHACA HAS IT, POUGHKEEPSIE AND KINGSTON, IS IT ADD GOOD IDEA FOR HERE.

>> LANDLORDS SHOULD HAVE TO HONOR THEIR LEASES, KEEP UP TO CODE.

I BELIEVE THEY SHOULDN'T BE ABLE TO EVICT PEOPLE WHO HAVE REPORTED THEM FOR CODE VIOLATIONS BUT THIS LEGISLATION GOES WELL BEYOND THAT.

ONE OF THE THINGS THAT I WORRY ABOUT IS IT INCLUDES A LIMIT ON RENT INCREASES.

AND THIS MIGHT SEEM REASONABLE GIVEN THAT RENTS HAVE GONE UP BY 23% IN SYRACUSE OVER THE LAST TWO YEARS, BUT THE REASON THEY'VE GONE UP SO MUCH IS BECAUSE THE VACANCY RATE IN SYRACUSE IS IS .8%, WHICH-- 1.8% WHICH TELLS US WE DON'T HAVE ENOUGH APARTMENTS.

SO WHAT MY FEAR IS, THIS LEGISLATION IS GOING TO CREATE A FURTHER IMPEDIMENT, FURTHER DISINCENTIVE FOR LANDLORDS TO PUT UP ADDITIONAL APARTMENTS.

>> I THINK THAT IS EXACTLY RIGHT.

TO QUOTE THE GREAT MAYORAL CANDIDATE JIMMY MCMILLAN, THE RENT IS TOO DAMN HIGH AND THAT'S THE PROBLEM.

THE RENTS ARE TOO HIGH.

WHY ARE THE RENTS TOO HIGH?

BECAUSE THERE IS NOT ENOUGH HOUSING.

IF YOU LOOK AT ATLANTA, PHOENIX AND AUSTIN, MEMPHIS, THOSE RENTS ARE DOWN 4 AND 5% OVER LAST YEAR BECAUSE THEY'RE BUILDING SO MUCH.

THE PROBLEM NEW YORK HAS, IT'S NOT BUILDING ENOUGH HOUSING AND THAT'S TRUE IN MANY BLUE STATES ACROSS THE COUNTRY.

WHAT WE REALLY NEED TO DO IS BUILD MORE AND THAT'S WHAT IS GOING TO ALLEVIATE THE PROBLEM OF THE RENTS TOO DAMN HIGH.

>> I THINK THE PROBLEM IS MUCH MORE COMPLICATED THAN WE HAVE TOUCHED ON SO FAR.

SYRACUSE IN PARTICULAR HAS A HOUSING PROBLEM THAT IS BOTH SEVERE AND ALSO URGENT.

YES, THERE IS THE ISSUE OF FAMILY COURT.

SYRACUSE'S MEDIAN RENTS ARE HIGHER THAN THE U.S. AVERAGE, DESPITE THE FACT THAT SYRACUSE HAS THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION OF POOR FOLKS.

AND THERE IS THE ISSUE OF AVAILABILITY THAT THERE ARE SO FEW THAT ARE AVAILABLE, BUT IN ADDITION TO THAT, IS THE PROBLEM OF LIVEABILITY.

THE HIGH NUMBER OF RENTAL UNITS THAT HAVE LEAD AND OTHER KINDS OF PROBLEMS THAT ARE NOT ADDRESSED BY SLUM LORDS WHO LIVE ABROAD AND DON'T CARE ABOUT THESE HOMES.

BUT TO THIS PARTICULAR LAW THAT DEALS WITH EVICTIONS, IN SYRACUSE, THERE ARE FIVE EVICTION WARRANTS THAT ARE ISSUED EVERY SINGLE DAY.

AND IT IS IMPACTING PRIMARILY WORKING CLASS AND LOW INCOME FOLKS.

SO SOMETHING HAS TO BE DONE BUT I WOULD AGREE, I DON'T KNOW THAT THIS IS ENTIRELY THAT SOMETHING, PARTLY BECAUSE OF THE LAW OF UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES WHERE LANDLORDS, WHO CAN EVICT SOMEONE UNDER THIS LAW FOR GOOD CAUSE CAN NOW MANUFACTURE GOOD CAUSE BECAUSE ONE OF THE GOOD CAUSES THAT'S LISTED IN THE LAW IS BEING A NUISANCE.

ANYBODY CAN BE A US INTO-- ANYBODY CAN BE A NUISANCE AND THEY DON'T AGREE TO CHANGES IN THE LEASE.

ONE OF THE CHANGES COULD BE ADDING UTILITIES AS PART OF THE RENT, WHICH, OF COURSE, WOULD EFFECTIVELY BE A RENT INCREASE.

BUT I WOULD JUST END BY SAYING THIS: ALSO THERE ARE SO MANY EXEMPTIONS.

EXEMPTIONS TO IMPROVEMENTS, STRUCTURAL IMPROVEMENTS, MAJOR REPAIRS AND THE FACT THAT YOU CAP IT AT SO% ISN'T SUCH A BIG DEAL.

AND I THINK YOU WERE TOUCHING ON THIS, RICK, BECAUSE YOU WOULD INCREASE IT EVERY YEAR 10% AND EVENTUALLY EDGE OUT YOUR TENANTS.

SO THIS HAS TO BE FIXED.

IT'S SOMETHING THAT HAS TO BE DONE.

IT'S A GOOD START.

CERTAINLY WE ARE NOT THERE YET.

>> I MEAN YES, YOU CANNOT CONTEST RENT INCREASES BELOW SO% AND REGARDING THE INCENTIVE TO BUILD NEW HOUSES THERE IS A THING THAT ALL HOUSES BUILD AFTER JANUARY IS, 2009, CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY AFTER 2009 ARE EXEMPT FROM THIS LAW.

I GIVE YOU SOME PERSONAL ANECDOTAL THINGS, PERM THINGS ARE BAD FOR SOCIAL SCIENCE BUT I HAVE HEARD SO MUCH HORROR STORIES FROM GRADUATE STUDENTS AT S.U.

S.U.

PREGHTS ITS STUDENTS.

IT HAS A LEGAL DEPARTMENT.

YOU CAN GO AFTER THE LANDLORD.

I HAVE SEEN LANDLORDS SAYING THINGS LIKE I DON'T WANT INDIAN FOOD COOKED IN MY HOUSE.

IF YOU DO THE THAT, I'M GOING TO COOK YOU OUT OR NOT GIVE YOU YOUR DEPOSIT BACK.

SOME OTHER REASONS CAN BE COOKED UP.

AND THERE ARE PEOPLE WHO OWN 43 HOMES.

I KNOW A PERSON WHO KNOWS A PERSON WHO OWNS 43 HOUSE, SLUM LORD.

IT THIS PROVIDES LEGAL RECOURSE.

LAW COSTS MONEY, EVEN IF YOU ARE POOR AND THE LANDLORD THREATENS YOU, HAVE YOU TO SPEND MONEY TO GO TO A LAWYER, HAVE A RETAINER AND SO ON.

SO THIS IS A VERY BARE MINIMUM THAT ONE CAN DO THAT GIVES SOME RESOURCE TO PEOPLE WHO ARE STRUGGLING TO PAY RENT TO ACTUALLY, YOU KNOW, HAVE SOMETHING AGAINST THEIR LANDLORD.

>> ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE.

IF YOU LOOK AT THE RESEARCH, CITIES THAT HAVE ENT ARE CONTROL HAVE MUCH WORSE CONDITIONS BECAUSE THE LANDLORDS HAVE NO INCENTIVE TO KEEP UP TO CODE.

IF YOU HAVE A IS .1.

WILL% VACANCY RATE, I NEED AN APARTMENT, I'LL TAKE WHATEVER I CAN GET.

MANY CITIES IN THE SOUTHWEST ARE GROWING AND THEY DON'T HAVE THESE PROBLEMS.

SO THIS IS ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF TRYING TO INTERFERE WITH THE MARKET OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND AND ULTIMATELY THAT CAUSES SO MANY UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES AND AGAIN THE LEGISLATURE SUGGEST THAT IN THIS AREA, HOUSING STOCK SUFFER BADLY WHEN THE GOVERNMENT GOES IN AND SETS LIMITS.

>> I DO AGREE.

BUT I THINK HERE THEY'RE NOT SAYING IT'S RENT CONTROL.

THEY'RE SAYING IF YOU WANT TO INCREASE RENT ABOVE SO%, HAVE YOU-- 10%, HAVE YOU TO SHOW CERTAIN IMPORTANT INFRASTRUCTURE WORK HAVE YOU DONE WITH THAT PROPERTY.

>> YOU HAVE ONE APARTMENT AND YOU ARE GOING TO GO THROUGH ALL THIS PAPERWORK, YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE TO HIRE A LAWYER.

YOU ARE GOING TO SAY IT'S NOT WORTH IT.

I'M NOT GOING TO DO IT.

AND SO WE HAVE EVEN FEWER APARTMENTS.

>> WE WILL SEE WHAT THE SYRACUSE COMMON COUNCIL AND I EXPECT UTICA AND CORTLAND AND OSWEGO WILL BE LOOKING AT THIS AS WELL.

I FOUND AN INTRIGUING HEADLINE THE OTHER DAY IN THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.

IT SAID, "THE WORLD ISN'T ACTUALLY GOING TO HELL IN A HANDBASKET."

A HARVARD AND A COLUMBIA PROFESSOR LOOKED AT SURVEYS OVER THE PAST 70 YEARS - IN 60 COUNTRIES --- AND FOUND THAT WHILE WE THINK MORALITY IN GENERAL IS DECLINING, WHEN WE'RE ASKED ABOUT THE MORALITY OF THOSE WE KNOW WELL, THEN WE DON'T THINK IT'S CHANGED MUCH.

SO THIS IS MORAL DEGRADATION AN ILLUSION?

>> ABSOLUTELY: WE HAVE BEEN SAYING THAT THE YOUTH IS GOING TO HELL SINCE THE EGYPTIANS.

>> THIS IS FROM AN HISTORIAN.

>> WE HAVE A SOMETHING IN EGYPT THAT SAYS THE DARN YOUTH, THEY DON'T RESPECT THEIR ELDERS AND THEY'RE PARTYING AT THE TAVERNS TOO MUCH.

WE TEACH SOME OF THE FINEST YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN IN AMERICA AND HAMILTON COLLEGE AND OTHER PLACES AND THE OTHER THING IS TO LOOK AT THE EVIDENCE.

TEEN PREGNANCY IS DOWN 78% SINCE 1991.

ALCOHOL AND CIGARETTE USE HAS BEEN CUT IN HALF BY TEENS.

HALF OF CHILDREN USED TO DIE BY THE AGE OF 15 UP UNTIL THE 18th CENTURY.

NOW IT'S 3.5%.

SO THERE HAS NEVER BEEN A BETTER TIME TO BE A HUMAN BEING ON PLANET EARTH.

NEVER BEEN A BETTER TIME TO BE AN AMERICAN AND THE IDEA THAT OUR CHILDREN OR OUR CHILDREN'S CHILDREN, WHOEVER IT IS, HAVE A LOWER MORALITY IS JUST BUNK.

AND ALL IT TAKES IS TO BE A TEACHER TO SEE THAT THE YOUTH OF AMERICA ARE DOING PRETTY DARN WELL.

I'M A LITTLE LESS OPTIMISTIC THAN YOU ARE IN THIS CASE.

I GREW UP AT A TIME WHEN BLACKS COULDN'T GO TO MANY STATE UNIVERSITIES IN THE SOUTH, WHEN GAYS COULDN'T MARRY AND SO SOCIALLY, AT LEAST, AND TO ME THAT'S BEEN AN IMPROVEMENT.

MANY AMERICANS DISAGREE WITH ME AND SEE THOSE THINGS AS EVIDENCE THAT WE HAVE GONE TO HELL IN A HAND BASKET: I DO THINK THOUGH THAT THERE IS SOME LESS TOLERANCE IN SOME AREAS I THINK WE ARE STARTING TO SEE SOME ON OUR COLLEGE CAMPUSES.

WE'VE TALKED ON THE SHOW ABOUT FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND HOW THAT SEEMS TO BE A MORE DIFFICULT TOPIC THAN IT HAS IN THE PAST.

BUT IN GENERAL, I DO AGREE WITH TY.

>> PARTED OF THE PROBLEM THAT I HAVE HERE HAS REALLY TO DO WITH THE STUDY ITSELF, WHICH IS WHY I THINK IT MISSED THE MARK IN THE WAY THAT YOU BRILLIANTLY LAID OUT FOR US, TY.

IT IS PURPORTEDLY A STUDY OF MORALITY THAT DOESN'T ASK ABOUT SPECIFIC MORALS.

IT DOESN'T ASK WHAT PEOPLE BELIEVE ABOUT HELPING OTHERS, ABOUT BEING KIND TO OTHERS, ABOUT EVEN RELIGIOUS BELIEFS AND OTHER SORTS OF USUAL THINGS THAT YOU WOULD LOOK AT TO GAUGE MORALITY.

RATHER, IT CALLED TOGETHER A WHOLE BUNCH OF STUDIES OVER SEVERAL DECADE SO IT STUCK WITH THE DATA THEY CHOSE TO WORK WITH AND IT ASKS PEOPLE THEIR PERCEPTIONS-- THIS IS-YEAR-OLD-- BASED ON THEIR PERCEPTIONS RIGHT?

SO DO YOU PERCEIVE THAT THERE IS LESS MORALITY?

AND IF YOU DO, TELL US WHAT THAT PERCEPTION IS ABOUT.

AND I WOULD ADD TO THE CONVERSATION THIS FACT THAT I DON'T KNOW I WOULD CALL THIS MORALITY, BUT OUR POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT, OUR ATMOSPHERE HAS BECOME INCREDIBLY TOXIC THAT THAT IS AN ISSUE AND IT HAS MORE TO DO WITH IDEOLOGY AND PARTISANSHIP THAN IT DOES BASIC ISSUES HAVING TO DO WITH MORALITY AND VALUES.

I WISH THEY COULD HAVE GOTTEN AT THAT.

>> ANIRBAN, I'M WONDERING IF PEOPLE THINK WE ARE IN MORAL DECLINE, HOW DOES THAT EFFECT POLICY?

>> I THINK THE TRUST IN SOCIETY MIGHT GO DOWN.

WE MEASURE THAT IN SURVEYS AND BROADER SETS, WHAT IS THE TRUST IN GOVERNMENT, TRUST IN CONGRESS, TRUST IN JUDICIARY IF PEOPLE DON'T FUNDAMENTALLY DON'T TRUST EACH OTHER BECAUSE THEY THINK YOUR NEIGHBOR IS MORE IMMORAL THAN YOU OR THE GENERATION, THE JUNK YOUNGER GENERATION IS MORE IMMORAL, TRUST IN SOCIETY WOULD BE DIFFICULT AND DIFFICULT TO PASS POLICIES AND MORE POLARIZATION.

I AGREE WITH YOU.

THEY DON'T DEFINE MORALITY.

THERE IS CHRISTIAN GOLDEN RULE MORALITY, WHICH MORALITY ARE THEY TALKING ABOUT?

BULL CARL MARX, THE RIGHT WING TRIES TO HATE HIM WITHOUT READING HIM.

HE SAID CAPITALISM CONVERTS THE PRIEST, THE POET, THE MAN OF SCIENCE INTO PAGE PAID WAGE LABORERS.

CAPITALISM MAKES ALL THAT IS SOLID MELTS INTO AIR AND ALL THAT IS HOLY IS PROFANE.

IF YOU THINK AT IT, WHAT CAPITALISM HAS DONE, THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF EVERYTHING THAT YOU CAN SEE, RIGHT?

AND THAT KIND OF RAMPANT COMMERCIALIZATION OF EVERYDAY LIFE, THAT MIGHT SEEM TO BE TAKING AWAY MORALITY FROM IT, EVERYTHING IS TRANSACTIONAL.

EVEN YOUR DAILY LIFE ON FACEBOOK, MASQUERADEING, FAKING THAT YOU ARE NICE.

BUT ON THE WHOLE, WE HAVE IMPROVED.

WE DON'T BLAME WOMAN RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILDREN'S AUTISM AND SO ON AND SO ON, WE HAVE DONE GREAT ACHIEVEMENT.

>> EXCEPT FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT USUALLY CANDIDATE.

>> WE HAVE TO OPEN UP THE GRADEBOOK.

>> ANTI-TOURISM PROTESTS HAVE BEEN SPREADING ACROSS EUROPE.

PROTESTERS IN BARCELONA SPRAYED TOURISTS WITH WATER PISTOLS.

RESIDENTS BLAME TOURISTS FOR RISING RENTS AND HOUSING PRICES, NEIGHBOR SHOPS REPLACED BY SOUVENIR SHOPS, OVERCROWDING, DESTROYING THE LOCAL CULTURAL FABRIC AND MORE.

WHETHER TOURISTS ARE ACTUALLY THE CAUSE OF THESE PROBLEMS OR NOT, HERE WHAT IS MY GUESS IS.

SPRAYING THEM WITH WATER GUNS IS NOT THE SOLUTION.

>> ANIRBAN.

>> MY EF F GOES TO THE SENSELESS COLD BLOODED EXECUTION OF A BLACK WOMAN BY A LONG TIME AGGRESSIVE COUNTY SHERIFF'S DEPUTY SEAN GRAYSON.

THE REPORTS COME TRICKLING OUT EVEN AFTER ATTEMPTS OF SYSTEMIC COVER UP AND VICTIM BLAMING AND MISS DIRECTION, IT IS HARD TO SEE HOW MANY BLACK WOMEN IN THE 21st CENTURY OF THE UNITED STATES HAVE TO CONFRONT THE GHASTLY REALITY OF PERILOUS EXISTENCE WITH TRIGGER HAPPY POLICING.

>> VICE PRESIDENT HARRIS ANNOUNCEMENT THAT SHE SUPPORTS NOT TAXING TIPS WASN'T HER WORST ECONOMIC IDEA OF THE WEEK.

I'M GIVING HER AN F FOR PROPOSING A BAN ON PRICE GOUGING ON FOOD AND GROCERIES SETTING UP A SYSTEM OF FEDERAL PRICE CONTROLS OF THINGS LIKE BREAD, MILK AND EGGS.

HISTORY SHOWS WHEN POLITICIANS SHOW TRY TO GO AGAINST THE FORCES OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND, THINGS DON'T TURN OUT WELL AND GROCERY PRICES ROSE BY ONLY 1% 1% LAST YEAR.

>> TY.

>> MY F GOES TO J.D.

VANCE FOR VET SHAMING TIM WALSZ WHO SERVED HIS NATION FOR 24 YEARS, JOINED TWO DAYS AFTER HIS 17th BIRTHDAY, FOUGHT FIRES IN YELLOWSTONE, CLEANED UP AFTER TORNADOES AND SAVED FLOODING VICTIMS YET VANCE TRIES TO SHAME HIM.

CHECK OUT THE TOP OF THE REPUBLICAN TICKET FOR SOMEONE WHO INSULTED VETERANS AT EVERY TURN.

>> AND THE AS, QUICKLY.

>> UNLIKE JIMMY FALLON WHOM I LOVE, I WILL NOT PILE ON THE WORLDWIDE CRITICISM OF RACHEL REAGAN'S BREAK DISTANCE PERFORMANCE AT THE PARIS OLYMPICS WHERE SHE REPRESENTED AUSTRALIA.

SHE SCORED ZERO POINTS IN ALL THREE MATCHES AGAINST THREE COUNTRIES, HERE IS WHAT I THINK HERE GREATEST FEAT IS, SHE MANAGED TO EARN A Ph.D.

IN BREAK DANCING AND DANCE CULTURE.

THAT ALONE DESERVES A GOLD.

>> A.I.

RESEARCH PRODUCT COMING OUT OF SYRACUSE THAT TRANSLATES AMERICAN SIGN LANGUAGE FROM ENGLISH AND BACK.

>> RICK.

>> MY A GOES TO THE REOPENING OF THE RENOVATED APARTMENTS ON GENESEE STREET IN UTICA THREE YEARS AGO IT WAS SHAMBLES NEEDED TO BE DEMOLISHED.

>> AND TY.

>> MY A GOES TO THE UKRAINIAN ARMY FOR SUCCESSFULLY INVASION INTO RUSSIA WHICH HUMILIATED PUTIN.

>> THIS WAS REALLY UNUSUAL FOR THEM, UNEXPECTED?

>> IT WAS TOTALLY UNEXPECTED AND A COMPLETE SURPRISE AND WILL ENSURE THAT PUTIN HAS TO TAKE FORCES FROM THE EAST TO TAKE CARE OF THIS INVASION.

AND IT'S GOING TO GIVE THE UKRAINIANS A MORALE BOOST.

SHOWS THEM THAT THEY'RE STILL IN THE FIGHT AND HOPEFULLY MAKE THOSE OF US IN THE WEST CONTINUE TO SUPPORT THEM.

AS WE CLOSE LET ME ENCOURAGE YOU TO TURN IN NEXT WEEK AS LUKE PERRY IS ATTENDING THE DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION AND JOINS US FROM CHICAGO.

MEANWHILE IF YOU HAVE COMMENTS ABOUT THIS SHOW, THE ADDRESSES ARE ON THE SCREEN.

REMEMBER YOU CAN WATCH US ON TV FRIDAY NIGHTS AT 8 AND SATURDAY AFTERNOONS AT 5:30.

OR STREAM US ON WCNY'S YOU TUBE PAGE OR ITS WEBSITE.

BE WELL AND GOOD NIGHT.